Geophysical support of mining production

Abstract

The relevance of the research topic is explained by the need to improve the methods of ensuring mining production, to improve the quality of extracted minerals while minimizing environmental damage. The data on the most frequently used methods of geophysical support of mining operations are generalized. The methodology of achieving the goal is based on the complex use of geophysical methods of research of rocks and ground composed by them for prediction of their properties at technological impact on the subsoil. Results. The reference on the history and state of theory and practice of geophysical support of mining production at development of ore deposits by underground method is given. It is shown that the efficiency of ground control depends on the balance of stress-strain rock media, which is corrected in the course of mining operations. The main geophysical methods of determining the properties of rocks in full-scale and laboratory conditions are characterized. Quantitative indicators of the strength of the main rock types obtained during modernization of ore mining technologies and generalized in the conditions of the rock ore deposit are given. Information on forecasting the state of the earth surface as a separating medium of danger zones and settlement zones is detailed. The condition of the studied massif is characterized by the distribution of faults and large cracks in it, which serve as a medium for redistribution of stresses and deformations in the ground and the earth crust. It is determined that rock massifs are a set of structural separations with uncertain and independent character of interaction, which explains the danger of exploitation of mining objects. Typization of research methods is proposed.