Geo-ecological monitoring and remediation of the Mozdok area polluted by oil products

Abstract

Relevance. The operation of aviation transport bases typically has a significant impact on the current state of the environment. Primarily, this is expressed in the contamination of soils, which serve as the bases for the asphalt concrete covering of the airfield. Petroleum products (kerosene, etc.), lubricating oils, and their breakdown products, characterized by a high level of permeability, form a significant contaminated layer in the base soils. Technogenic pollution of the natural environment in the northwest part of the city of Mozdok by oil products, which continues to actively develop, determines the relevance of the study. The objective of the work. Assessment of the ecological situation and hydrochemical state of groundwater, as well as study of the dynamics of oil contamination of soils and ground in the aeration zone of the Mozdok district. The aim. To assess the ecological situation and hydrochemical condition of groundwater, as well as to study the dynamics of oil product pollution of soils and soils of the aeration zone of Mozdoksky district. Methods. The study utilizes a comprehensive approach, including field research and analysis, as well as the development of ways to resolve them. Comparing data for specific years allows for the construction of long-term series. Results. A very complex ecological situation related to the pollution of soils and groundwater by oil products is forming in the Mozdok district. The total area of the oil contamination halo in groundwater is about 160-200 km2 with dissolved hydrocarbon contents ranging from 10 to 1800 units of the MPC (maximum permissible concentration) (the kerosene MPC is 0.01 mg/dm³ according to GN 2.1.1315-03). Research has shown that groundwater in the Mozdok landfill area is significantly contaminated with dissolved aviation kerosene. Only a comprehensive and intensive approach to solving the problem of oil product pollution in Mozdok will allow for the development of a remediation plan for the area affected by the leakage of oil products into the soil horizon.