State of natural equilibrium in Alagiro-Sadonsky agglomeration

Abstract

Abstract: Relevance. The article is devoted to the assessment and analysis of the formation of the sanitary-ecological state of the biosphere, which is influenced by the mining and processing industry at high altitudes. Aim. The aim of the performed research is a detailed study of environmental factors in the area of the production and technical system activity with a mining and processing component, as well as the establishment of priority natural, technical and technological features in the formation of negative areas in the ecosphere. Methods. In the methodological aspect, in addition to our own research, we analyzed the materials of previous scientific schools in Russia, geoecologists who worked in similar natural, climatic and geographical conditions, as well as the experience of long-term practical work on environmental protection during the extraction and processing of polymetallic ores of the Sadon lead-zinc plant. This served as the basis for the scientific substantiation of the proposed solutions to restore ecological balance and the effective functioning of the ecological system. Results. The article gives technogenic and natural factors involved in the process of ongoing changes in the components of the natural environment, deformations of the landscape of the mining allotment and its fragmentary disturbances during production activities. The forms of manifestation of negative factors in the functioning of the mining and processing industry and accompanying infrastructure on the development of priority diseases of people in the current natural-climatic and social-industrial conditions are shown. A potential assessment of the possibility of crop growing is given. The causes of degradation and destruction of the ecological balance, sources and objects of negative influence during the exploitation of mineral deposits are given. The article shows the sequence of the appearance of production factors, the form of accumulation in the components of the environment, leading to undesirable extreme cases, with the development of dust clouds and dust storms in the socially significant environment. The interaction and mutual influence of dust and gas emission processes during mining, transportation, crushing and grinding of ores, as well as during processing at a concentrating plant and waste transportation to places of permanent burial and storage are shown. The development of forms of human diseases under the considered conditions is shown. The article considers the possibilities for ecological balance restoration in the Alagir-Sadon agglomeration and at the present research stage and socio-economic development of the tourist and recreational cluster “Mamison” in the region; it is advisable to use the method of elimination of the areal source of dust emission (the Unal tailing dump) by using the biological method of reclamation. The applied method has high efficiency.