The influence of the Seversky Donets River on the ionic composition of the water in the lower reaches of the Don River
Abstract
Relevance. The lower reaches of the Don River are of great economic importance for Southern Russia. This necessitates the study of the most significant factors influencing the hydrological and hydrochemical regime of the river. The Seversky Donets River is the largest tributary of the Don River, so its impact on the Don River is of scientific interest and practical significance. Aim. The aim of the study is to study the impact of the Seversky Donets River on the transformation of the ionic composition of the Don River water in the modern period (2000–2024). Methods. The impact of the Seversky Donets River on the ionic composition of the Don River water was assessed by comparing long-term hydrochemical data from observation points located upstream and downstream of the tributaryʼs mouth in the Don River (Konstantinovsk and Semikarakorsk). The work was based on the data of the State Observation Network of Roshydromet on the ion content in the water of the Don River main ions (in total), chlorides, sulfates, bicarbonates, calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium compounds (in total) for the period from 2000 to 2024. The materials of expeditionary studies on the specific electrical conductivity of river water, measured using the Fuscin FS080114 hydrological probe (expedition of the Southern Scientific Center of the RAS on the research vessel “Professor Panov" in April 2025) were also used. Results. Statistical analysis of the used materials revealed the influence of the Seversky Donets River on the increase in water mineralization and the content of chlorides and calcium in the lower reaches of the Don River. These results were confirmed by the expeditionary data, which indicate an increase in the specific electrical conductivity of water in the lower reaches of the Don River. A change in the water class and group (according to O.A. Alekinʼs classification) was also noted below the tributary’s confluence. The obtained results can serve as a basis for conducting additional research on the influence of the Seversky Donets River on the content of other substances in the water of the lower Don River.
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