Spatiotemporal variations of NDVI index trends in mountainous and foothill areas of the North CauCasus
Abstract
Relevance. Climatic changes in the North Caucasus region lead to changes in the temperature and water regime. This directly affects the long-term variability of plant biomass and yields, and consequently, the sustainable development of agriculture, which is one of the leading sectors of the economy. The aim of this research is to study the variability of the amount of phytomass in the mountainous and foothill areas of the central part of the North Caucasus and identify possible agro-climatic problems. Methods. Geospatial selection of long- term NDVI vegetation index data is used for the locations of the studied territory. For the daily NDVI series, an integral characteristic was calculated and a linear regression model was tested, which makes it possible to calcu- late statistical parameters of slopes and y-intersections. Using QGIS and the isoline interpolation method to build maps of the distribution of these parameters allows us to identify the boundaries of areas with a long-term de- crease in vegetation indices during geoecological zoning. Results. It is shown that for the territory of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania and adjacent foothill areas, the vegetation index is formed due to the large phytomass of forest landscapes and has a positive trend, which indicates the preservation of favorable climatic conditions in them. For mountainous areas with a high-altitude landscape covered with alpine meadows or without vegetation, the amount of phytomass is generally small, but has a positive upward trend, which also indicates favorable con- ditions for phytocenosis. For the lowland areas of the Ossetian inclined plain and forest-steppe landscapes in the area of Digora – Beslan – Zamankul, on the southern slopes of the Sunzhensky and Tersky ranges there are areas with a long-term trend towards a decrease in the vegetation index, which indicates the degradation of vegetation cover, changes in temperature and water regimes of these locations. Conclusions. For foothill landscapes in the territory of the Republic of North Ossetia–Alania and adjacent areas, the NDVI index has a positive trend of long- term variability. The lowland and steppe regions, as well as the southern slopes of the Sunzhensky and Tersky ranges, have a negative trend bias in vegetation indices.
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