Operation of hydraulic structures and transformation of structures, and transformation of the coastal faunal complex (Tetrapoda) of Lake Bald Estuary

Abstract

The ecological assessment of biotopes at the regional and local levels is provided for by the Convention on Biological Diversity, adopted in Rio de Janeiro in 1992. In the 1980s of the XX century, about 13 thousand key ornithological territories, where monitoring of the state of bird populations and environmental assessment of habitats is carried out, were identified in the world. Lake Lysyi Liman also belongs to this territory, where about 16 species lives and nests, and during the molting and migration period of about 17 species of birds (curly Pelecanus crispus and pink pelicans Pelecanus onocrotalus, spoonbill Platalea leucorodia, black-winged pratincole Glareola nordmanni, etc.) also stops. Studies of the Primanychie territory, including faunistic research, are currently quite extensively covered in the scientific literature. However, this information has a regional nature, without the study of local territories. Relevance. The relevance of the study consists in the study of the anthropogenic activity influence, in particular, the influence of hydraulic engineering construction on the faunal complex of the area under study. The article considers a study of the state of the coastal faunal complex of the Lake Lysyi Liman during the construction and operation of a hydraulic structure - the dam of the lake. A brief retrospective analysis of the anthropogenic impact on the water body and the consequences of changes for the faunal complex of coastal vertebrates was carried out. The habitats of vertebrates were monitored, and the structure of distribution within the biotope was defined. Also, during the study, the information on the number of animal species, population density and its dynamics (in connection with environmental changes, as well as on the distribution of animals over the territory) was established. The obtained data on the transformation of the faunal complex of coastal vertebrates can be used as data for animal populations accounting; these data also allow us to supplement already available information on the structure of the animal population of the coastal biotopes of the Manychskaya Valley. Aim. The study of the impact of hydraulic development and operation of a hydraulic structure on the faunal complex of the territory under consideration. The study allows evaluating the transformation of the distribution of animal population within the faunal complex of the given territory. Methods. During the field studies, the registration of animals was carried out according to the methods of quantitative accounting of animals. The connection of the animal population with specific elements of the habitat was also considered. Monitoring of the habitats of vertebrates, as well as determining the structure of the animal population, was carried out during the study. Results. The analysis of the influence of anthropogenic factors expressed in the operation of hydraulic structures on the faunal complex of the territory